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1 затяжка
1. ж. tie-bar, tie-beam, tie-rod, brace2. ж. lasting3. ж. горн. laggingСинонимический ряд:стягивание (сущ.) затягивание; перетягивание; перетяжка; перехватывание; стягивание; стяжка -
2 затяжки
1) Mining: lags, set lagging, wall bars2) Drilling: drag forces, drags -
3 устанавливать затяжки
Mining: set laggingУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > устанавливать затяжки
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4 zurückstehen
v/i (unreg., trennb., hat/ südd., österr., schw. ist -ge-)1. Haus etc.: be set back2. fig. (verzichten) stand back; (übertroffen werden) be left behind; (benachteiligt sein, hintanstehen) take second place ( hinter + Dat to); hinter jemandem zurückstehen in den Leistungen: be (trailing oder lagging) behind s.o.; hinter keinem zurückstehen be second to none; sie steht an Begabung nicht hinter ihrer Schwester zurück she’s every bit as talented as her sister; sie musste immer zurückstehen she always came off worst; keiner wollte zurückstehen nobody wanted to be left out ( oder be the odd man out); (alle wollten mitmachen) everybody wanted to join in* * *zu|rụ̈ck|ste|henvi sep1) (Haus etc) to stand back2) (an Leistung etc) to be behind (hinter jdm sb)3) (= verzichten) to miss out; (= ausgelassen werden) to be left out4) (= hintangesetzt werden) to take second place* * *zu·rück|ste·hen1. (weiter entfernt stehen) to stand back▪ [hinter jdm/etw] \zurückstehen to take second place [to sb/sth]; (an Leistung) to be behind [sb/sth]▪ [hinter jdm] \zurückstehen to show less commitment [than sb [does]]* * *unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb1) stand back; be set back2) (fig.): (übertroffen werden) be left behind3) (fig.): (verzichten) miss out* * *1. Haus etc: be set back2. fig (verzichten) stand back; (übertroffen werden) be left behind; (benachteiligt sein, hintanstehen) take second place (hinter +dat to);hinter keinem zurückstehen be second to none;sie steht an Begabung nicht hinter ihrer Schwester zurück she’s every bit as talented as her sister;sie musste immer zurückstehen she always came off worst;keiner wollte zurückstehen nobody wanted to be left out ( oder be the odd man out); (alle wollten mitmachen) everybody wanted to join in* * *unregelmäßiges intransitives Verb1) stand back; be set back2) (fig.): (übertroffen werden) be left behind3) (fig.): (verzichten) miss out* * *(alt.Rechtschreibung) v.to stand back v. -
5 garniture
garniture [gaʀnityʀ]feminine noun( = décoration) [de robe, chapeau] trimming uncount ; [de table] set of table linen ; [de coffret] lining ; ( = légumes) vegetables ; ( = sauce à vol-au-vent) filling ; [de chaudière] lagging uncount ; [de boîte] covering uncount• garniture d'embrayage/de frein clutch/brake lining* * *gaʀnityʀ1) Culinaire ( accompagnement) side dish; ( décoration) ( de dessert) decoration; (de viande, poisson) garnish2) (sur un chapeau, une robe) trimming; (dans un coffret, tiroir) lining•Phrasal Verbs:* * *ɡaʀnityʀ nf1) CUISINE (accompagnant le plat principal) accompaniment, vegetables, rice etc which are served with the main dishQu'est-ce qu'il y a comme garniture? — What does it come with?, What is it served with?
2) (agrémentant un plat: persil, tomates) garnish, (= farce) filling3) (= décoration) [vêtement] trimming4) (= protection) fittings pl* * *garniture nf1 Culin ( accompagnement) side dish; ( décoration) ( de dessert) decoration; (de viande, poisson) garnish; ( de pizza) topping; servir avec une garniture de légumes serve with vegetables as a side dish; pour la garniture mettez des fraises et des framboises decorate with strawberries and raspberries; garniture de persil garnish of parsley;2 Mode (sur un chapeau, une robe) trimming;3 (dans un coffret, tiroir) lining; une belle garniture rouge a nice red lining;garniture de bureau desk accessories (pl); garniture de cheminée mantelpiece ornaments (pl); garniture d'embrayage Aut clutch lining; garniture de feu or foyer fire irons (pl); garniture de frein Aut brake lining; garniture hygiénique sanitary towel.[garnityr] nom féminin1. [ensemble] (matching) set2. [ornementation]la garniture d'une automobile the interior trim ou the upholstery of a car3. [protection]garniture de frein/d'embrayage brake/clutch lining[accompagnement - décoratif] garnish ; [ - de légumes]que servez-vous comme garniture avec le poisson? what does the fish come with?, what is the fish served with?c'est servi sans garniture it is served without vegetables ou on its own -
6 задержка
1) General subject: arrest, backset, balk, break, check, checking, delay, detention, heel dragging, heel-dragging, held ball, held-ball, hitch, hold-up, holdback, impediment, inhibition, intermittence, interruption, lag, lead time, let-up (рейса, роста цен и т.д.), obstructivity, retardation, set back, setback (развития), stop, stoppage, stumble, tarriance, throw back, throw-back, tie up, tie-up (производства, движения), timeout, trouble4) Medicine: catch, hindrance, retention, suppression, late menstrual period, late period, late periods, delayed menstrual period5) Colloquial: (о менструации) be late for one's period7) Obsolete: tarry9) Military: cut-off (затвора), hold, jamming, lag time, malfout (механизма), malfunction (механизма), malfunctioning (механизма), retainer, stoppage (при стрельбе)10) Engineering: detaining, dwell, entrapment, hesitation, holdup, lagging, latency, objection, retard, stopping, dwell time (фиксированный промежуток времени выходного импульса датчика)11) Agriculture: setback (развития и т.п.)12) Construction: time lag (во времени)14) Religion: cunctation15) Railway term: congestion, detection, drag (движения), escapement (о реле)16) Law: mora17) Economy: blocking19) Veterinary medicine: stricture20) Mining: obstruction21) Diplomatic term: setback (в развитии), tie-up (производства, движения и т.п.)24) Polygraphy: transposition (в вызове матрицы из канала магазина)25) Psychology: inertia (раздражения в ответ на стимуляцию)26) Telecommunications: inequality27) Physics: arrestment28) Electronics: time delay29) Jargon: bug30) Information technology: deference31) Oil: holdup (количество перегоняемой жидкости, остающейся в ректификационной колонне)32) Fishery: ent retinaculum34) Business: standstill, stay36) Missiles: hold (в регламентных работах по подготовке и пуску)37) Quality control: blocking (обслуженного требования), lateness (относительно директивного срока в системе ПЕРТ)38) Arms production: fails to fire (в действии механизма оружия), mechanical stoppage, temporary stoppage39) Telephony: camp-on (обслуживания вызова)40) Cables: retardance, retardence (retardance)41) Makarov: delay (по времени), dwell (сигнала в гидросистеме), impediment (роста), inhibit, lag (по времени), lay-off, repose, staying, stoppage (срабатывания механизма), suspense, suspension42) Karachaganak: slippage (по времени)43) Basketball: (тип нарушения) holding -
7 фаза
( колебаний) electric(al) angle, phase angle, angle, ( многофазной цепи) branch эл., leg, phase, stage* * *фа́за ж.1. (в теории колебаний и волн, термодинамике, электротехнике) phaseв фа́зе — in phaseне в фа́зе — out of phaseобеспе́чивать опереже́ние по фа́зе — advance a phaseосажда́ть какую-л. фа́зу — precipitate a phase, cause a phase to precipitateотлича́ться [различа́ться] по фа́зе — differ [be different] in phaseотстаю́щий по фа́зе — lagging [retarding] in phaseпротивополо́жный по фа́зе — opposite in phase, out of phase by p, in anti-phaseсдви́нутый по фа́зе — out of phase; displaced in phaseсовпада́ющий по фа́зе — in phase2. (стадия, этап) phase, stageустана́вливать фа́зу вчт. — set a phase, set the (so-and-so) phase conditionбеспоря́дочная фа́за — random phaseво́дная фа́за — aqueous phaseвременна́я фа́за — time phaseга́зовая фа́за — gas(eous) phaseгазообра́зная фа́за — gas(eous) phaseграни́чная фа́за — boundary phaseдиспе́рсная фа́за — disperse(d) [discontinuous] phaseдифференциа́льная фа́за тлв. — differential phaseжи́дкая фа́за — liquid phaseфа́за за́паха, втора́я — middle noteфа́за за́паха, пе́рвая — first note, topnoteфа́за за́паха, тре́тья — basic [lingering, residual] noteисполни́тельная фа́за ( программы или команды) вчт. — execute phaseиспра́вная фа́за эл. — sound [healthy] phaseконденси́рованная фа́за — condensed phaseфа́за кристаллиза́ции — crystallization phaseкристалли́ческая фа́за — crystal (line) phaseфа́за Луны́ — phase of the Moon, lunar phaseмё́ртвая фа́за хим. — dead [weak] phaseметастаби́льная фа́за — metastable phaseнача́льная фа́за ( периодического колебания) — epoch (angle), initial phaseнеиспра́вная фа́за эл. — faulty [faulted] phaseнейтра́льная фа́за — neutral phaseнепреры́вная фа́за ( в дисперсионных средах) — continuous phaseнорма́льная фа́за ( несверхпроводящая) — normal phaseобра́тная фа́за — reversed phaseодноро́дная фа́за — continuous phaseосновна́я фа́за — master phaseотрица́тельная фа́за — minus phaseпарова́я фа́за — vapour phaseпарообра́зная фа́за — vapour phaseперехо́дная фа́за — transition phaseфа́за поко́я — dwell phaseположи́тельная фа́за — plus phaseпроизво́льная фа́за — arbitrary phaseпромежу́точная фа́за — intermediate phaseпротивополо́жная фа́за — opposite [reversed] phase, antiphaseрабо́чая фа́за ( стартстопного телеграфного аппарата) — rangeфа́за рассе́яния — scattering phaseфа́за раствори́теля — solvent phaseрасще́пленная фа́за — split phaseсверхпроводя́щая фа́за — superconducting phaseси́гма-фа́за метал. — sigma phaseсопряжё́нная фа́за — conjugate phaseстациона́рная фа́за — stationary phaseстеклови́дная фа́за — vitreous phaseтвё́рдая фа́за — solid phase -
8 закладка
1) General subject: book-mark, book-marker, bookmark, bookmarker, gobbing, harnessing, laying, marker (в книге), pack, putting to, rubbish, stowage, tassel (в виде ленточки в книге), walling2) Computers: tab4) Biology: setting up (культуры)5) Naval: laying down, laying the keel, quadrat, supporting plank6) Medicine: aniage (органа или ткани), anlage, primordium, rudiment (органа или ткани)7) American: filling (выработанного пространства)8) Botanical term: initiation (органа, ткани)9) Military: (фундамента) backing, (фундамента) laying, (фундамента) packing, (взрывного устройства) inserting10) Engineering: breaking ground (здания), embedding, foundation, keel-laying (судна), load (заготовки в приспособление), loading, tassel (в книге)11) Agriculture: establishment (плантации)12) Chemistry: batch13) Mining: back fill, backfilling, dirt pack, fill, filling, filling work (выработанного пространства), flashing, flashing (мокрая), packing, packwall, silting, stowage (выработанного пространства пустой породой), stowing (выработанного пространства), stowing operation (выработанного пространства)14) Forestry: establishment (культур, опыта), flag (в рулоне для указания места обрыва), laying out15) Information technology: bookmark (в системе обработки текста), bookmark (средство системы подготовки текстов), embedding (заделка)16) Oil: backfill17) Fishery: formation18) Drilling: backing19) Production: sequencing (последовательность изделий в производстве, напр., сегодня собираем 10 фургонов, 12 автобусов и 14 комби, если именно в таком порядке - это жесткая закладка, если же нет - то гибкая.), sequence20) Polymers: charging21) Beer production: throw22) Makarov: backfill (котлованов, выработанных пространств в шахтах и т.п.), bookmark (в книге), breaking ground for (...) (здания), divider, dummy, flag (в рулоне для указания места сращивания), foundation (фундамента и т.п.), laying (напр. фундамента), laying (напр., фундамента), laying (шахты, фундамента), set up (культуры), stack or batch ticket (отделяющий привёртки в стопе), tab (напр. между листами стопы), tassel (в виде ленточки)23) Security: (сверхминиатюрное) bug, bugging device, (микрофонное)(микрофонная) eavesdropping device, implant24) Gold mining: lagging25) SAP.tech. tab page26) Yachting: centerline (киль и т.д.)27) Mountain climbing: nut -
9 крепь
1) Geology: timber2) Military: (что-либо ограничивающее или защищающее) crib4) Construction: immediate support, poling board (деревянная или стальная)6) Forestry: crib7) Fishery: marshy thicket8) Astronautics: lagging9) Drilling: support -
10 Brunel, Isambard Kingdom
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering, Land transport, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Ports and shipping, Public utilities, Railways and locomotives[br]b. 9 April 1806 Portsea, Hampshire, Englandd. 15 September 1859 18 Duke Street, St James's, London, England[br]English civil and mechanical engineer.[br]The son of Marc Isambard Brunel and Sophia Kingdom, he was educated at a private boarding-school in Hove. At the age of 14 he went to the College of Caen and then to the Lycée Henri-Quatre in Paris, after which he was apprenticed to Louis Breguet. In 1822 he returned from France and started working in his father's office, while spending much of his time at the works of Maudslay, Sons \& Field.From 1825 to 1828 he worked under his father on the construction of the latter's Thames Tunnel, occupying the position of Engineer-in-Charge, exhibiting great courage and presence of mind in the emergencies which occurred not infrequently. These culminated in January 1828 in the flooding of the tunnel and work was suspended for seven years. For the next five years the young engineer made abortive attempts to find a suitable outlet for his talents, but to little avail. Eventually, in 1831, his design for a suspension bridge over the River Avon at Clifton Gorge was accepted and he was appointed Engineer. (The bridge was eventually finished five years after Brunel's death, as a memorial to him, the delay being due to inadequate financing.) He next planned and supervised improvements to the Bristol docks. In March 1833 he was appointed Engineer of the Bristol Railway, later called the Great Western Railway. He immediately started to survey the route between London and Bristol that was completed by late August that year. On 5 July 1836 he married Mary Horsley and settled into 18 Duke Street, Westminster, London, where he also had his office. Work on the Bristol Railway started in 1836. The foundation stone of the Clifton Suspension Bridge was laid the same year. Whereas George Stephenson had based his standard railway gauge as 4 ft 8½ in (1.44 m), that or a similar gauge being usual for colliery wagonways in the Newcastle area, Brunel adopted the broader gauge of 7 ft (2.13 m). The first stretch of the line, from Paddington to Maidenhead, was opened to traffic on 4 June 1838, and the whole line from London to Bristol was opened in June 1841. The continuation of the line through to Exeter was completed and opened on 1 May 1844. The normal time for the 194-mile (312 km) run from Paddington to Exeter was 5 hours, at an average speed of 38.8 mph (62.4 km/h) including stops. The Great Western line included the Box Tunnel, the longest tunnel to that date at nearly two miles (3.2 km).Brunel was the engineer of most of the railways in the West Country, in South Wales and much of Southern Ireland. As railway networks developed, the frequent break of gauge became more of a problem and on 9 July 1845 a Royal Commission was appointed to look into it. In spite of comparative tests, run between Paddington-Didcot and Darlington-York, which showed in favour of Brunel's arrangement, the enquiry ruled in favour of the narrow gauge, 274 miles (441 km) of the former having been built against 1,901 miles (3,059 km) of the latter to that date. The Gauge Act of 1846 forbade the building of any further railways in Britain to any gauge other than 4 ft 8 1/2 in (1.44 m).The existence of long and severe gradients on the South Devon Railway led to Brunel's adoption of the atmospheric railway developed by Samuel Clegg and later by the Samuda brothers. In this a pipe of 9 in. (23 cm) or more in diameter was laid between the rails, along the top of which ran a continuous hinged flap of leather backed with iron. At intervals of about 3 miles (4.8 km) were pumping stations to exhaust the pipe. Much trouble was experienced with the flap valve and its lubrication—freezing of the leather in winter, the lubricant being sucked into the pipe or eaten by rats at other times—and the experiment was abandoned at considerable cost.Brunel is to be remembered for his two great West Country tubular bridges, the Chepstow and the Tamar Bridge at Saltash, with the latter opened in May 1859, having two main spans of 465 ft (142 m) and a central pier extending 80 ft (24 m) below high water mark and allowing 100 ft (30 m) of headroom above the same. His timber viaducts throughout Devon and Cornwall became a feature of the landscape. The line was extended ultimately to Penzance.As early as 1835 Brunel had the idea of extending the line westwards across the Atlantic from Bristol to New York by means of a steamship. In 1836 building commenced and the hull left Bristol in July 1837 for fitting out at Wapping. On 31 March 1838 the ship left again for Bristol but the boiler lagging caught fire and Brunel was injured in the subsequent confusion. On 8 April the ship set sail for New York (under steam), its rival, the 703-ton Sirius, having left four days earlier. The 1,340-ton Great Western arrived only a few hours after the Sirius. The hull was of wood, and was copper-sheathed. In 1838 Brunel planned a larger ship, some 3,000 tons, the Great Britain, which was to have an iron hull.The Great Britain was screwdriven and was launched on 19 July 1843,289 ft (88 m) long by 51 ft (15.5 m) at its widest. The ship's first voyage, from Liverpool to New York, began on 26 August 1845. In 1846 it ran aground in Dundrum Bay, County Down, and was later sold for use on the Australian run, on which it sailed no fewer than thirty-two times in twenty-three years, also serving as a troop-ship in the Crimean War. During this war, Brunel designed a 1,000-bed hospital which was shipped out to Renkioi ready for assembly and complete with shower-baths and vapour-baths with printed instructions on how to use them, beds and bedding and water closets with a supply of toilet paper! Brunel's last, largest and most extravagantly conceived ship was the Great Leviathan, eventually named The Great Eastern, which had a double-skinned iron hull, together with both paddles and screw propeller. Brunel designed the ship to carry sufficient coal for the round trip to Australia without refuelling, thus saving the need for and the cost of bunkering, as there were then few bunkering ports throughout the world. The ship's construction was started by John Scott Russell in his yard at Millwall on the Thames, but the building was completed by Brunel due to Russell's bankruptcy in 1856. The hull of the huge vessel was laid down so as to be launched sideways into the river and then to be floated on the tide. Brunel's plan for hydraulic launching gear had been turned down by the directors on the grounds of cost, an economy that proved false in the event. The sideways launch with over 4,000 tons of hydraulic power together with steam winches and floating tugs on the river took over two months, from 3 November 1857 until 13 January 1858. The ship was 680 ft (207 m) long, 83 ft (25 m) beam and 58 ft (18 m) deep; the screw was 24 ft (7.3 m) in diameter and paddles 60 ft (18.3 m) in diameter. Its displacement was 32,000 tons (32,500 tonnes).The strain of overwork and the huge responsibilities that lay on Brunel began to tell. He was diagnosed as suffering from Bright's disease, or nephritis, and spent the winter travelling in the Mediterranean and Egypt, returning to England in May 1859. On 5 September he suffered a stroke which left him partially paralysed, and he died ten days later at his Duke Street home.[br]Further ReadingL.T.C.Rolt, 1957, Isambard Kingdom Brunel, London: Longmans Green. J.Dugan, 1953, The Great Iron Ship, Hamish Hamilton.IMcNBiographical history of technology > Brunel, Isambard Kingdom
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